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History of the
Settlement and Indian Wars
of Tazewell County, Virginia.

By Geo. W. L. Bickley, M. D. (1852)

  
 

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Table of Contents.

 

Title

Preface

Table of Contents

Book I

Chapter I.  Outline history of Virginia.  From 1492-1606.

Chapter II.  Outline history continued.  Reasons for writing this outline history --- History continued to 1752.

Book II

Chapter I.  Introduction to the history of Tazewell.  Reputation of Tazewell --- Why desirable --- Possibility of the formation of a new State of which Tazewell would be a part --- Objections answered --- Pertinent questions --- The south-west has been overlooked --- Howe's and De Hass' works --- Local history a new feature --- Proposed history of the S. W.

Chapter II.  Discovery and Settlement.  Difficulty of obtaining material --- Why the early settlers visited Tazewell --- Hunting companies described --- War against the frontier in 1763 ---Shawanoes and Cherokees at war --- War raging during the first years of settlement in Tazewell --- First hunting company visits Tazewell in 1766 --- 1767 Carr and Butler settle --- Indian battle on Rich mountain in 1768 --- Shawanoes beaten --- Butler and Carr separate --- Thomas Witten, John Greenup, and others move out in 1771 --- Settle in 1772 --- In 1773 --- Settlers of '74, '5, and '76 stop near others --- Cresop's war and the revolution --- Market in eastern Va. --- Kept up a line of communication.

Chapter III.  Formation and Outline Geography.  Old boundary lines --- Altered in 1835 and again in 1837 --- Map --- How Tazewell county was named --- Geography.

Chapter IV.  Climate.  Winter in Tazewell --- Business season --- Christmas --- Manner of celebration --- Spring --- Sugar-making --- The process --- Beauty of spring --- Summer --- Does not differ in appearance from spring --- Autumn --- Indian summer.

Chapter V.  Meteorology.  Little attention has been paid to it ---  Variety of climate in the county --- Tables --- Appearance of snow --- Prevailing winds --- General temperature higher, and less rain than formerly --- Cause --- Sudden changes --- Why meteorological observations should be made --- Scientific farmers' school needed.

Chapter VI.  Descriptive Geography.  Mountains --- Principal mountains in Tazewell --- Clinch, Eastriver, Rich, Brushy, Paint Lick, Deskins, Great Flat-top --- Valleys --- Clinch valley, Abb's, Poor, Thompson's, Baptist, and Deskins' valleys ---  Rivers and Creeks --- How named --- Maiden Spring forked ---  Named --- Sandy --- La Visee --- Why named --- Tug river ---  Named --- East-river, and Bluestone --- Great Indian creek ---  Description of particular localities --- Cove --- Richlands ---  Bluestone --- Burk's Garden --- Country around Jeffersonville --- Clear-fork settlement --- Jeffersonville --- Business directory --- Liberty hill.

Chapter VII.  Soil and Productions.  Bottom lands described ---  Hill or upland described --- Mountain lands described ---  Difference in north and south side lands --- Soil tenacious ---  Encomiums on Tazewell land --- List of plants and forest trees, and remarks.

Chapter VIII.  Live Stock.  Horses --- Different breeds referred to --- Mules --- Few in the county --- Cattle --- Adaptation of the county to stock growing --- Sheep --- Too little attention paid to wool-growing --- Hogs.

Chapter IX.  Commerce of Tazewell.  Formation and growth ---  Witten's prophesy --- Markets change.  Articles of export ---  Commercial prospects brightening --- Home manufactures ---  Cannot be pursued with profit in Tazewell---Remarks.

Chapter X.  Education.  Mr. Brittain, quoted from a report to the Jeffersonville Historical Society

Chapter XI.  Slavery in Tazewell.  Subject discussed --- Number in the county --- The condition of the slave --- Salutary advice.

Chapter XII.  Agriculture.  Reasons why this subject should be studied --- Agricultural prospects improving---Peculiarities of agriculture in Tazewell.

Chapter XIII.  Church History --- Judiciary.   First sermon ---  Methodists --- Baptists --- Presbyterians --- Roman Catholics ---  Juciciary --- First court --- First court-house --- Remarks.

Chapter XIV.  Literary and Benevolent Institutions ---  Newspapers.  Formation of the Jeffersonville Historical Society  --- Richmond Examiner quoted --- Reasons for fostering the existence of this institution --- Its operation upon the community ---Odd Fellows --- Sons of Temperance B. U. (H. F.) C. A. --- Masons --- Influence of these associations --- Newspapers --- First press --- Jeffersonville Democrat --- S. W. Advocate.

Chapter XV.  Minerals and Natural Curiosities.  Kinds of minerals found --- Mineral wealth of the county unknown --- Great quantities of coal --- Natural curiosities --- Cave under Rich mountain described --- Cave near Liberty hill --- Lapidifying process still progressing --- Illustrative incident --- Another --- Petrifactions and fossil remains --- Fucoids --- Manner of accounting for their collection.

Chapter XVI.  Waters.  Great variety --- Tazewell White Sulphur --- Taylor's springs --- Alum spring --- Iodureted spring --- Sweet spring --- Saline springs --- Warm spring --- Common blue limestone water --- Health of Tazewell --- Tazewell not so healthy as it should be --- Caused by want of proper dwellings --- Climate healthy.

Chapter XVII.  Manners and Custons.  Introductory remarks --- Dress of the early settlers --- Its manufacture --- House furniture described by Dr. Doddridge --- Hunting a favorite sport with the early settlers --- The science of hunting --- Hunting profitable at an early day --- Manner of approaching deer --- 1200 bears killed by Ebenezer Brewster.

Chapter XVIII.  Scenery --- Dial Rock.  Its location --- Why named --- Manner of ascending the mountain --- Clefts --- Scene in the distance --- Lasting impressions made upon a visitor to this rock --- Day in the mountains --- A sun-rise --- Mountain blast --- Rain --- Snow --- Budding frost --- Sunset.

Appendix to Book II.  Tables.  Table referring to population --- Miscellaneous table --- Table showing the wealth of the county --- Table showing the number engaged in professions and trades --- Table of livestock --- Table showing the value of lands --- Table showing the productions of the county, and value --- Kinds of birds in the county --- List of fishes --- List of animals --- List of representatives in the Va. Legislature from the county.

Book III.

Chapter I.  Introduction to Indian Wars.  Difficulty of tracing Indian history --- Its connection with European history --- Discovery of America --- An error has given rise to the name "Indian" now applied to the American aborigines --- The priesthood were the early historians --- The history of the American aborigines, from 1340 to the present time, may be gleaned from the writings of the priesthood --- Sources of information --- Documents referred to --- De Soto visited S. W. Va. in 1540 --- His route --- Proofs --- De Biedma quoted --- Name of S. W. Va., in 1540, was Xuala --- Indian forts --- Several described --- Roads and trails made by Indians are not to be neglected by the historian --- Several Indian trails noticed --- Covenant pillars --- Recapitulation and final remarks.

Chapter II.  Introduction continued --- Compend history of the Shawanoes.  Orthography and true name --- Curious tradition --- Parting of the tribes --- War with the Delawares --- Their present resident and number.

Chapter III.  Defensive Position of Tazewell During the Frontier War.  Forts, stations, and blockhouses --- List of persons posted in these forts --- Spies --- List of spies --- Character of James Witten --- List of those citizens of the county who were engaged in the revolution --- List of those who served the country in the war of 1812-14 --- Mexican war.

Chapter IV.  Evans Family.  Their emigration to the county --- John Evans taken prisoner --- Jesse Evans' children murdered --- Noble and heroic conduct of Mrs. Evans --- Cowardice of Goldsby --- Preparations for burying the children, an affecting scene --- Mr. Evans moves to Tennessee --- Another fight --- A son wounded --- Bravery of Robert --- Daniel in danger --- Fortunate escape --- Robert again among the enemy --- Brave feat --- Robert and Daniel with Col. Crawford --- With Gen. Jackson in his southern battles --- Death of Robert --- Jackson's care for his children.

Chapter V.  James Moore and The Moore Family --- Jas. Taken Prisoner.  Taken from Howe's History of Va. --- Massacre of Capt. James Moore's family --- The horse Yorick --- Suffering of Mrs. Moore.

Chapter VI.  Harman and Pemberton Fights --- Battle between the Harmans and Seven Indians.  Pemberton's fight --- His devotion to his family.

Chapter VII.  Captivity of the Davidson Family, and Other Massacres.  Introductory remarks --- Massacre of the Henry family --- Death of Gilbert --- Murder of William Whitley --- Moffit's children captured --- Roark family massacred --- Ray family killed --- Capture and massacre of the English family --- John Davidson killed --- Skirmish on the islands of Guyandotte.

Chapter VIII.  Motives for War on the Part of the Indians.  A plea for Indian barbarity --- Speech of Laulewasikaw --- Comprehensive words of Hautey --- Our duty to see justice rendered to the Indians.

Note to Book III.  Reasons for not writing personal history, etc.

 

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